In 1994, the institution of the State Prosecution was introduced in Slovenia, replacing the previous Public Prosecution. Although the name and tasks of the institution have been different in many ways, the concept of this state institution goes back a hundred and fifty years. The article deals the with causes lying behind the creation of this jurisdictional agency, and its tasks and structure at the time when it was introduced. The Stale Prosecution operated in three branches of the judicial system, these being civil and criminal law, and the field of the administration and management of the legal system as a whole. The State Prosecutions were organised in keeping with the organisation of the courts, and had a strict hierarchical internal structure. The State Prosecutors, from the lowest ranks to the highest rank (called the General Procurator) and their deputies were appointed by the emperor.