Following the model of the similar foreign societies, the Agricultural Society was established in Carniola in the year 1767. It was an advisory and consultative body of the so-called »konses« of commerce or provincial district board respectively, which was dealing with the problem how to increase and improve the agricultural production in the country and it was very active particularly in the seventies and eighties of the 18th century. Its main issue and an important task was to a certain extent connected with the question of providing of the raw materials for the manufacture production. The endeavours for the establishment of the Agricultural Society are introduced in the article, the structure and the organisation of the society is described, its membership as well as the publications it published. The article also addresses the practical issues from the fields of agriculture, animal breeding and husbandry and partly the crafts in which the society was predominantly engaged; the society made attempts to solve the problems in the manner which reflects the contemporary ideas of the European age of enlightenment andphysiocray.