The author, in the paper, compares the national-political development of Slovenians and Slovaks in the latter half of the XIX century. The historical fate of both nations is comaparable, to a great extent, as to national-emancipatory and other social strivings, which were marked and impeded predominantly by denationalising pressures, i.e. Hungarization (Magyarization) in the Slovak and Germanization in the Slovenian case. The introduction of dualism represents the incision in the until then rather at par national development of Slovenians and Slovaks, after which the two nationalities find themselves in two very different parts of the Monarchy. Owing to incomparably graver conditions in Hungary the Slovak national movement begins to retrogress, though it is possible to follow further the basic parallels of the two nationalities. The second part of the paper contains a review of writing of Slovenian newspapers on Slovaks in the latter half of the XIX century, primarily in the 80s and 90s.