The Socialist Centrists convoked a conference in Vienna, in February 1921, as
an answer and a sign of disagreement with the policy of both the Second and
the Third International. They accused the Second (Bern) International of
submitting itself to the interests of bourgeoisie, which was intolerable at the
time of proletarian revolutionary manifestations and the awakening of colonised
peoples. To the Third (Moscow) International, however, the Centrists
replied that they could not accept "the twenty-one conditions" and would,
therefore, found their own International The parties pertaining to the international
Centre rejected both the ideology of the reformistic Second International
and that of the revolutionary Third. Instead, they opted for a middle
- third way between the Social Democratic reformism and the Bolshevik
revolution. Their ideological orientation was defined by the representatives
of Austro-Marxism, who, in a different situation of peace, saw a possibility of
reaching socialist society in the context of reformed Capitalism. The Vienna
International was, in the words of F. Adler, founded with the aim of uniting
the whole world proletariat in one international organisation, given that "the
Congress of the Second International in Geneva (1920) and the Congress of
the Third International in Moscow (1920) only represented one third of the
world proletariat." The failure to reunite the dispersed movement in the united
front, brought the Vienna International ideologically closer to the Second
(Bern) International.