This study examines the international and regional assessments of the effects of World War I on children, focusing on the perspectives of psychiatrists and other professionals. It contrasts the global understanding with specific evaluations in Italy and Slovenia (then part of Yugoslavia), analyzing how these assessments influenced contemporary policies in both states. The research highlights concrete implications for handling children in the border area, particularly regarding orphans and juvenile delinquents, showcasing the practical outcomes of policy decisions informed by these professional evaluations.