Protection of archival materials from natural disasters is crucial for ensuring the accessibility, durability and integrity of stored data. Natural disasters such as floods, fires, earthquakes and storms can cause damage or even loss, not only of archival materials in physical form, but increasingly also in digital form. Therefore, every creator of public archival materials and those who store such materials must prepare and adopt a comprehensive approach to the protection of archival materials. In the article, the author presents a key tool for ensuring the safe long-term preservation of materials in digital form, namely risk assessment as a key integral part of internal rules for the capture and storage of materials in digital form. With a focus on environmental risk management, the article also provides some fundamental starting principles for creating a risk assessment and risk management measures.