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Retrofest 2024 - 7 Gospodarske posledice druge svetovne za svetovno ureditev in Jugoslavijo

Author(s):Vera Katz, Aleksander Lorenčič, Jože P. Damijan, Neven Borak
Co-author(s):Bojan Balkovec (film. mont., scen., rež.)
Leto:09. 12. 2024
Publisher(s):Oddelek za zgodovino FF LJ, Ljubljana
Language(s):slovenščina
Type(s) of material:moving image
Keywords:gospodarstvo, Jugoslavija, Marshall plan, Oddelek za zgodovino FF LJ, Središče za javno zgodovino, Filozofska fakulteta
Rights:
CC license

This work by Vera Katz, Aleksander Lorenčič, Jože P. Damijan, Neven Borak is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International

Files (2)
Link:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=moZdyXcfF4s
Description

ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF THE SECOND WORLD WAR FOR THE GLOBAL

ORDER AND YUGOSLAVIA

The Second World War led to widespread destruction of infrastructure across Europe and Asia, especially Japan. Cities, factories, transportation routes, and ports were either destroyed or severely damaged. As a result, the United States of America, emerging from the war as the strongest economic power, played a leading role in shaping the post-war international economic order. This was reflected in the creation of institutions like the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF), as well as agreements like the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). Additionally, the U.S. launched the Marshall Plan (1948–1952), aimed at rebuilding Western Europe economies, which allowed for rapid economic growth, regional stabilization, and the containment of communism.

The Cold War created two opposing economic systems: capitalism in the West and socialism in the East. Yugoslavia, which suffered significant material damage during the war, implemented many political and economic reforms in its aftermath. The country underwent processes of reconstruction, accelerated electrification, industrialization, nationalization and the establishment of a socialist economic system modeled after the Soviet Union. This system was based on state ownership, a planned economy, and collectivization. However, the 1948 split with the Soviet bloc (the Cominform crisis) drastically changed Yugoslavia’s trajectory. Yugoslavia began receiving U.S. aid, which allowed it to develop a unique socialist system with some capitalist elements and open borders.

Yugoslavia transformed from a poor, predominantly agrarian country into a moderately developed state in the decades after the war. This transformation was partly due to its own efforts and partly due to Western economic and financial aid. However, by the 1980s, the country entered an economic crisis, as the political and economic processes in its republics and provinces developed unevenly. This disparity affected their later development and ultimately contributed to the wars and the dissolution of Yugoslavia.

Metadata (11)
  • identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/11686/63343
    • title
      • Retrofest 2024 - 7 Gospodarske posledice druge svetovne za svetovno ureditev in Jugoslavijo
    • creator
      • Vera Katz
      • Aleksander Lorenčič
      • Jože P. Damijan
      • Neven Borak
    • contributor
      • Bojan Balkovec (film. mont., scen., rež.)
    • subject
      • gospodarstvo
      • Jugoslavija
      • Marshall plan
      • Oddelek za zgodovino FF LJ
      • Središče za javno zgodovino
      • Filozofska fakulteta
    • description
      • GOSPODARSKE POSLEDICE DRUGE SVETOVNE VOJNE ZA SVETOVNOUREDITEV IN JUGOSLAVIJODruga svetovna vojna je povzročila uničenje infrastrukture po vsej Evropi, pa tudi v Aziji, predvsem na Japonskem. Mesta, tovarne, transportne poti in pristanišča so bili porušeni ali močno poškodovani. Posledično so ZDA, ki so iz vojne izšle kot najmočnejša ekonomska sila, postale vodilna država pri oblikovanju povojne mednarodne ekonomske ureditve. To se je odrazilo v ustanovitvi Svetovne banke, Mednarodnega denarnega sklada in vrsti sporazumov, kot je Generalni sporazum o carinah in trgovini (GATT). Poleg tega so ZDA uvedle Marshallov načrt (1948–1952) za obnovo zahodnoevropskih gospodarstev, kar je omogočilo hitro gospodarsko rast, stabilizacijo regije in preprečevanje širjenja komunizma. Hladna vojna je ustvarila dva nasprotujoča si ekonomska sistema: kapitalističnega na Zahodu in socialističnega na Vzhodu. Jugoslavija, ki je med vojno utrpela ogromno materialno škodo, je ob koncu vojne uvedla številne politične in gospodarske spremembe. Potekali so procesi obnove, pospešene elektrifikacije, industrializacije ter nacionalizacije in vzpostavitve socialističnega gospodarskega sistema po sovjetskem vzoru. Ta sistem je temeljil na državni lastnini, planskem gospodarstvu in kolektivizaciji. A spor z Informbirojem leta 1948 je korenito spremenil jugoslovansko pot. Jugoslavija je začela prejemati ameriško pomoč, kar je omogočilo razvojsocialističnega sistema z nekaterimi kapitalističnimi elementi ter odprtimi mejami.Jugoslavija se je iz revne, pretežno agrarne države, v povojnih desetletjih preoblikovala v srednje razvito državo. To je bilo delno posledica lastnih prizadevanj in delno zahodne gospodarske in finančne pomoči. V osemdesetih letih pa je država zašla v gospodarsko krizo, saj so gospodarski in politični procesi v posameznih republikah in pokrajinah potekali z različno dinamiko. To je vplivalo na njihov kasnejši razvoj, predvsem pa je privedlo do vojn in razpada Jugoslavije.
      • ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF THE SECOND WORLD WAR FOR THE GLOBALORDER AND YUGOSLAVIAThe Second World War led to widespread destruction of infrastructure across Europe and Asia, especially Japan. Cities, factories, transportation routes, and ports were either destroyed or severely damaged. As a result, the United States of America, emerging from the war as the strongest economic power, played a leading role in shaping the post-war international economic order. This was reflected in the creation of institutions like the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF), as well as agreements like the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). Additionally, the U.S. launched the Marshall Plan (1948–1952), aimed at rebuilding Western Europe economies, which allowed for rapid economic growth, regional stabilization, and the containment of communism.The Cold War created two opposing economic systems: capitalism in the West and socialism in the East. Yugoslavia, which suffered significant material damage during the war, implemented many political and economic reforms in its aftermath. The country underwent processes of reconstruction, accelerated electrification, industrialization, nationalization and the establishment of a socialist economic system modeled after the Soviet Union. This system was based on state ownership, a planned economy, and collectivization. However, the 1948 split with the Soviet bloc (the Cominform crisis) drastically changed Yugoslavia’s trajectory. Yugoslavia began receiving U.S. aid, which allowed it to develop a unique socialist system with some capitalist elements and open borders.Yugoslavia transformed from a poor, predominantly agrarian country into a moderately developed state in the decades after the war. This transformation was partly due to its own efforts and partly due to Western economic and financial aid. However, by the 1980s, the country entered an economic crisis, as the political and economic processes in its republics and provinces developed unevenly. This disparity affected their later development and ultimately contributed to the wars and the dissolution of Yugoslavia.
    • publisher
      • Oddelek za zgodovino FF LJ
    • date
      • 09. 12. 2024
    • type
      • video
    • language
      • Slovenščina
    • rights
      • license: ccByNcSa