Contrary to the prevalent belief Ljubljana was first mentioned in records as early as 1112–1125 (and not in 1144), when certain Rudolf donated twenty farmhouses situated in the vicinity of the Ljubljana castle to the Aquileian chapter. An attorney of the Aquileian church, Rudolf of Tarcento came from the family of the Machland lords. The Ljubljana estate presumably belonged already to his putative father Rudolf »of Margarethenried,« whose equally putative relative Engilbero was the beginner of the Turjak lords. Another early landowner from Ljubljana was count Hartvik of Bogen, who donated three Ljubljana farmsteads to the Aquileian chapter sometime between 1140 and 1150. In this period the Carinthian ducal family of Spanheims had already become the established owner of the Ljubljana castle. The Spanheims’ original Ljubljana estate, acquired through marriage, has probaby formerly belonged to the Vohburg counts; according to sources it was situated in the southeastern part of Ljubljana as early as 1062. The Spanheims gradually enlarged their Ljubljana estates by acquiring them from others.