In the 19th century, Slovene politicians were divided into two sides; while one supported the then prevalent concept of natural law the other favored a concept based on historical circumstances. This was especially evident in the case of Žumberak. Before it was settled by the Uskoki and converted into a military frontier called Vojna krajina (War March) in the 16th century, Žumberak had been part of the dutchy of Carniola. During the period of disbanding the military organization, the so-called krvava košulja (blood-stained shirt) between 1871 and 1881, the area was awaiting a new master. Neither the politicians in Zagreb nor those in Ljubljana, Vienna or Budapest could decide whether because of historic reasons the area should be incorporated into Carniola, or due to ethnographic and purely practical reasons it should become part of Croatia. Slovene politicians were unable to reach a decision, which was primarily due to two reasons: the »historic« annexation of Žumberak was not in accord with the »natural« idea of Zedinjena Slovenija (United Slovenia), and yet the fear of the German danger from the north persuaded Slovenes that in order to progress Slovenia should become inseparably connected with South Slavs.