In the Middle Ages it seemed that a special political — administrative unit, named “Karst”, will be organized. It would not be a part of Istria, or Carniola, or the Goriška region. The author speaks about causes which prevented the establishment of such a political unit, a part of which would also be Pivka. Further on he speaks about villages, known at Pivka, about more significant trade routes, about the two castles and about the situation of peasants. He pays special attention to the description of economic problems and their solving from the second half of the 14th century onwards. 'This was, on the one hand, the migration of inhabitants from this region to cities (Trieste), and on the other, their search for earning by carting and trading. The desolation of this region increased during the time of the Turkish invasions. The author thinks that the desolation was only partly extenuated by newcomers from Bosnia, Dalmatia and Croatia.