The article is a slightly altered version of a lecture that was given at the meeting of, the Slovene Historical Society members in Ljubljana on 21st December 1978. It deals with the circumstances on Goriško and in Trst immediately before the end’ of World War I — when it became almost completely clear that Austria-Hungary was about to disintegrate and that its national territories would be divided among the already existent or new states. The two nations living at Primorsko (Slovenes, Italians) tried to solve the future of this Austrian administrative unit each by itself. Yet the political parties of neither of them were uniform as to whether the future of Primorsko or Trst should be secured by way of nationalistic (i. e. the annexation to the existent Italy or to the forming Yugoslavia), internationalistic, or as yet Hapsburg, conception. Nevertheless, following the definitions of the armistice between Austria-Hungary and Italy the latter occupied the whole territory after 4th November 1918. The arrival of the Italian army in Trst on 3rd November stirred up special, studies iin Slovene historiography to which this article pays a certain degree of attention.