In the 18th century, Capuchin Styrian province included 33 monasteries
which were an exceptional factor in fostering integration of geographical spaces
as their members belonged to five linguistic areas: German, Slovenian, Croatian, Friulian, and Italian which was self-evident at the time since all monasteries were situated in the Habsburg Monarchy. However, Capuchins were aware
of their linguistic identity proven by their precious literary creations in four
living languages (German, Slovenian, Croatian, and Italian). Friars Minor often
changed monasteries as it is well known they do not adhere to stabilitas loci
contrary to monastic orders. This can be demonstrated by German P. Erhard
Franc Ksaver Kugelmayer from Radgona (1714-1798) who was appointed the
Minister General of the Capuchin order and died in Rome in an odour of sanctity. Born in 1714 to German townsfolk, he joined the Capuchins at the age of
17 and found them to be bilingual and operating in the Capuchin monastery in
Radgona. In 1745, he was a philosophy lecturer in the Krško Capuchin monastery and four years later, in 1749, he lectured theology in Graz, whilst three
years later he served as monastery guardian in Maribor where he stayed three
years until 1755 when he was elected Provincial of the great Capuchin Styrian
province that included 774 priests. In 1761, he was re-elected as Provincial and
a year later he was elected supreme advisor (Definitor General) of the Capuchin
order in Rome. When his term of office of Definitor General expired, he was
elected Procurator General in 1768 and thereafter twice elected the Minister General of Capuchin order, a position he held between 1775 and 1789. We must
also mention the blessed f. Marko of Avian (1631-1699) who attended Jesuit
gymnasium in Gorizia and later decided to join Capuchins in Koper (which is in
present-day Slovenia), functioned as a preacher in Ljubljana monastery church,
and performed mass on September 12th 1683 before the decisive defence battle
of Christian army against Turkish attack on Vienna; he now rests in the Capuchin church in Vienna. Even though St. Lawrence of Brindisi who deserves credit for ensuring Capuchins’ arrival in Slovenia and was declared a church teacher,
and despite the oldest Slovene dramatic text was written by Romuald of Sant’
Andrea, and that literary historians value the baroque sermons of John Baptist
of Sveti Križ in Vipava (Tobia Lionelli, 1647-1714) and f. Roger of Ljubljana (Mihael Krammer, 1667-1728), the Capuchin friars were primarily preachers of the
people or, as the Italian like to say, frati del popolo – or to qoute Matej Slekovec,
they became »darlings of simple people« (Slekovec 1889, 90). They wanted to
be close to the little people, friars among simple people and they were mostly
successful in their endeavour. Capuchins welcomed everyone, all worshippers,
townsfolk, and countryfolk, simple and educated. Also in mixed linguistic areas,
Capuchin friars successfully linked pastoral and other activities; it should also
be noted that they cared for the afflicted during the plague and administered
sacraments