The following contribution discusses the bilateral relations between Yugoslavia and the Federal Republic of Germany since the end of the state of war between these countries in 1951 until the attainment of the Slovenian independence. It focuses on the time before the attainment of the Slovenian independence, when Yugoslavia was, in the eyes of the Federal Republic of Germany, a kind of a “special case or Sonderfall”, which is why it was treated differently as the other socialist states, especially those that belonged to the Eastern Bloc. Throughout all of this time, the relations between the states were good, we could even say friendly, despite certain unsolved questions (e.g. the issue of the reparations for the Nazi war crimes). They were at their best in the times of social democratic governments in which Willy Brandt participated, while Slovenian politicians played a major role in the bilateral relations. This later contributed to the fact that the Federal Republic of Germany played what was perhaps the most important role in the attainment of the Slovenian independence and its recognition.