For centuries several centers appeared in Slovenian Istria, in which knowledge grew and intellectual faculties strengthened. The historical view on the time of the academies in Koper (16th – 18th century), the activities of the Venetian Collegia dei Nobili, the French lyceum, the Austrian ImperialRoyal grammar school, the trilingual teacher-training college (1875/6 – 1909), which joined in the second part of the 19th century the Austrian Imperial-Royal grammar school, form the basis on which higher education was later built. The establishment of the University of Ljubljana, 1919, and preliminary efforts for establishing the University in Trieste, represent the first real accomplishments along the way. It was only in the 1970s, when first centers of higher education were created outside the Slovenian capital. The dynamics of events, in the second part of the 20th century, were created by different interest groups, which formed the first study program and research projects. The Historical Society of Southern Primorska established the Annales press. The Higher education center and the Science and research center in Koper unified the initiatives and coordinated the establishment of the first real colleges. After a while first documents on national level in the favor of establishing a public University were created. The basis for its establishment was built by state and academic profession together with the littoral economy. The parliament finally passed the Act about the establishment of the University of Primorska on 29th January 2003.