It may well be said that Pavliha, published between April and July 1870 by Fran Levstik (1831-1887), was the most remarkable Slovene satirical newspaper. The article is based primarily on articles in Slovene newspapers, Levstik’s correspondence, and studies from the field of history and literary history. It examines political circumstances during the period of Pavliha’s publication; causes for its termination; circumstances of Valentin Zarnik’s (1835-1888) election to the Provincial Assembly in 1869 and 1870; position of the liberal political option (mladoslovenci) on national concord, radical political activities, and critical views on the clergy; and Levstik’s motivation for his actions.