After World War II the Serbian intelligentsia, like intellectuals in the rest of Yugoslavia, found itself in a specific position. This position originated in the ambivalent attitude of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia as the main force of therevolutionary authorities towards intellectuals. Namely, the Communist Party was aware of a profound social significance and role of the intelligentsia, but simultaneously it was distrustful and afraid of it due to its bourgeois origins stemming from the pre-war and wartime period. Thus the Communist Party emphasised the intellectuals, besides peasants and workers, as one of the pillars of the social transformation, while it excluded the bourgeoisie as a class it did not count on and which it wanted to repress. For the same reason it also established a difference between the »wanted« and »unwanted« intelligentsia, or intellectuals who were »fair, progressive and of the people« and those who were »unfair, reactionary and not of the people«. The latter were supposed to share the fate of the capitalists. However, the Communist Party was forced to integrate most of the »unwanted« intellectuals into the »new society« due to their scarcity and cultural capital they possessed, unlike the capitalists who were destroyed by the revolutionary authorities in the process of demolishing the bourgeois society and its heritage. Immediately after the liberation the revolutionary repression dominated the intelligentsia in Serbia as well as elsewhere in Yugoslavia. This repression involved a whole range of measures implemented by the authorities in order to settle the score with the intellectuals and to suppress and remove them from the public life, culture, and politics. It also entailed the verify caution of the »propriety« of work and behaviour of the whole intelligentsia during the period of the occupation. Some intellectuals were permanently removed from the society, as they were executed by the military courts. Others served lengthier or shorter prison sentences, were removed for a while from the public life by the decrees of the »honour courts«, or received »public reprimands in the press« due totheir behaviour during the occupation. At the same time the intelligentsia wasdivided into »indecent« and »decent« intellectuals – those who could participate in the establishment of the new society. Unlike repression, integration was not accompanied by any drama. It looked like it took place in »silence«. The only exception were those members of the intelligentsia who were called upon to cooperate by the revolutionary authorities, or those who volunteered themselves. Most intellectuals were integrated gradually. The initial suspicions and severity of measures were replaced by the policy of more »flexible« relations, allowing for the humanist intelligentsia – besides the technical intelligentsia – being more widely accepted due to the liberalisation in the 1950s.