I am carrying out research into the history of education, with particular focus on school memories and formative institutions and I am currently following a project which is documenting the experience of the School Museum of Florence. The first Exhibition of 1925, that illustrated school life and educational progress, became in 1929 permanent form as the National Didactic Museum. The primary task of the Museum was meant to be that of furthering the training of teachers by showing them the ingenious didactic experiments cleverly devised by the Experimental didactic centres and scholastic museum. We know that Fascism took an interest in education, having identified it as a strategic point in the development of the future fascist man, paying special attention to elementary education. The exhibition space thus became a display area for the progress of the school and a point of centralisation and control for the didactic renewal of the Italian school, where the schoolmaster was to be trained, in particular the elementary schoolmaster, who was invested with a key role in the transmission of national identity and of a culture consistent with Fascist ideology, to the new generations through the medium of education. My purpose is to study the training of teachers in the School Museum of Florence in this historic period. The research, conducted through an analysis of the available sources and materials (bibliographic, archival, photographic) suitable, shows in emblematic fashion how an entire series of communicative, theatrical and propagandistic strategies was actuated, filtered through the educational, pedagogic and social potential of the museum, so as to construct a collective awareness adapted to the exigencies of the new society promoted by the regime.